#include <iostream>
#include <string>
#include <vector>

using namespace std;

class ThingT {
   public:
       ThingT (string t = "none") : title{t}, id {count++} {
           cout << "Item " << id << " constructor with title " << title << endl;
       }

       ~ThingT() {
           cout << "Item " << id << " destructor with title " << title << endl;
       }
      
   private:
       string title;
       inline static  int count{0};
       // silly value, should never see this.
       int id{-1};
};

class BigThingT {
   public:
       BigThingT(): t1{"P1"}, t2{"P2"} {
           cout << "A big thing constructor" << endl;
       }

       ~BigThingT() {
            cout << "A big thing destructor" << endl;
       }
   private:
       ThingT t1, t2;
};


int main() {
    cout << "Before the items are declared " << endl << endl;

    cout << "Declaring a single thing " << endl ;
    ThingT a("first");

    cout << endl;
    cout << "Building a vector of things " << endl; 
    vector<ThingT> things(1);

    cout << "Push 1 " << endl;
    things.push_back(ThingT("second"));
    cout << endl;

    cout << "Push 2 " << endl;
    things.push_back(ThingT("third"));
    cout << endl;

    cout << "Push 3 " << endl;
    things.push_back(ThingT("fourth"));

    cout << endl;
    cout << "Buiding a bigThing " << endl;
    BigThingT bt;

    cout << endl << endl;
    cout << "Build a sub block" << endl;
    {
        ThingT e{"In the block"};

        cout << endl;
        cout << "Exiting the block " << endl;
    }
    cout << "Out of the block" << endl;
    ThingT f{"out of the block"};
    cout << endl;

    cout << "Exiting the program" << endl;
    return 0;
}