#include <iostream>
#include <string>

using namespace std;


class Sharer {
    public:
       Sharer():  myId(++counter) {
          counter2++;
       }

       /*Sharer(){
           myId = ++counter;
           counter2++;
       }
       */

       static string ToUpper(string s){
          for(auto & x: s) {
             x = static_cast<char>(toupper(x));
          }
          return s;
       }
/*
       static void ToUpper() {
           name = ToUpper(name);
       }
*/

       static void ToUpper(Sharer & s) {
         s.name = ToUpper(s.name);
         return;
       }

       void Name(string n){name = n;}
       string Name(void) const { return name;};

       int ID(void) const {
          return myId;
       }

       static int Counter(void) {
          return counter;
       }

       static int Counter2(void) {
          return counter2;
       }

       const static int SOME_CONSTANT = 100;

    private:
       string name;
       static int counter;
       static inline int counter2 = 10;
       const int myId;

};


// need to do this once.
// Should be in the implementation file.
// note we do not use static here.
int Sharer::counter = 0;

int main() {
/*
    const int foo;
    foo = 7;
*/

    // called before an instance of the class is created!
    cout << Sharer::ToUpper("hello world") << endl;
    cout << "We have created " << Sharer::Counter() << " sharers." << endl;
    cout << "Counter2 is  " << Sharer::Counter2() << "." << endl;
    cout << "And the constant is " << Sharer::SOME_CONSTANT << "." << endl;
    cout << endl;

    //Sharer::counter++;

    Sharer  a;
    cout << "I am sharer " << a.ID() << endl;
    cout << "We have created " << Sharer::Counter() << " sharers." << endl;
    cout << "The constat is still " << a.SOME_CONSTANT << "." << endl;
    cout << endl;

    a.Name("howdie");
    Sharer::ToUpper(a);
    cout << a.Name() << endl;

    cout <<" a's id = " << a.ID() << endl;

    Sharer b,c,d;

    cout <<" b's id = " << b.ID() << endl;
    cout <<" c's id = " << c.ID() << endl;
    cout <<" d's id = " << d.ID() << endl;

    cout << endl;
    cout << "We have created " << Sharer::Counter() << " sharers." << endl;
    cout << "We have created " << a.Counter() << " sharers." << endl;
    cout << "We have created " << b.Counter() << " sharers." << endl;
    cout << "We have created " << c.Counter() << " sharers." << endl;
    cout << "We have created " << d.Counter() << " sharers." << endl;

    cout << endl;
    cout << "Counter2 is  " << Sharer::Counter2() << "." << endl;
    cout << "Counter2 is  " << a.Counter2() << "." << endl;
    cout << "Counter2 is  " << b.Counter2() << "." << endl;
    cout << "Counter2 is  " << c.Counter2() << "." << endl;
    cout << "Counter2 is  " << d.Counter2() << "." << endl;

    return 0;
}