an electronic device for storing and processing data, typically in binary form, according to instructions given to it in a variable program. (From an on line dictionary)
What are the parts of a computer?
CPU
Memory
Storage
I/O Devices
Let's focus on the CPU/Memory what is there
ALU
CU
Registers
General Purpose
Special Purpose
MMU (perhaps you don't know about this one)
How does this all work?
while not stop
fetch the next instruction
decode the instruction
execute the instruction