Homework 1, Calculator

Short Description:

This assignment is worth 100 points.

Goals

• Have reviewed basic C++ and refreshed your programming skills.
• Refreshed C++ usage of strings and files.
• Have reviewed and strengthened your design skills.
• Have reviewed and strengthened your skills with procedures and functions.

Formal Description

Operation	# Operands	Comment
+	2	Addition
-	2	Subtraction
-	1	Negation
*	2	Multiplication
/	2	Integer Division
%	2	Remainder
^	2	Power, the second operand must be non-negative
load	1	Load the accumulator from a memory location
store	1	Store the accumulator to a memory location
print	0	Print the value in the accumulator
system	1	Set the output system
+=	1	Add operand to accumulator
-=	1	Subtract operand from accumulator
*=	1	Multiply accumulator by operand
/=	1	Divide accumulator by operand
%=	1	Remainder of accumulator divided by operand
^=	1	Raise accumulator to operand, the operand must be non-negative.
dump	0	Print the value of the accumulator and all registers.

Your calculator should support number representation in the following number systems:

Decimal (dcml)

The decimal number system consists of the digits 0 through 9, with normal associated values.

This is a position based number system where d₁d₂d₃ = d₁ × 10² + d₂ × 10¹ + d₃ × 10⁰.

The number 234₁₀ = 234_dcml.

There is a unique representation for each number.

Binary (biny)

The binary system consists of the digits T and F, where T_biny = 1₁₀ and F_biny = 0₁₀.

This is a position based number system where d₁d₂d₃ = d₁ × 2² + d₂ × 2¹ + d₃ × 2⁰.

The number 234₁₀ = TTTFTFTF_biny.

There is a unique representation for each number.

Hexadecimal (hexa)

The hexadecimal number system consists of the digits 0 through 9 and A through F.

A represents 10₁₀, B represents 11₁₀, ... F represents 15₁₀.

This is a position based number system where d₁d₂d₃ = d₁ × 16² + d₂ × 16¹ + d₃ × 16⁰.

The number 234₁₀ = EA_hexa.

There is a unique representation for each number.

Trinary (trin)

The trinary number system consists of the digits 0 through 2, with normal values.

This is a position based number system where d₁d₂d₃ = d₁ × 3² + d₂ × 3¹ + d₃ × 3⁰.

The number 234₁₀ = 22200_trin.

There is a unique representation for each number.

Modified Urnfield (murn)

The Urnfield number system consists of the marks / and \. In addition, we will add the marks (,), [,] and 0.

In the modified system, 0_murn = 0₁₀, / = 1₁₀, \ = 5₁₀, ( = 25₁₀, )= 125₁₀, [ = 625₁₀ and ] =3125₁₀.

This is a position based number system, where digits are listed in ascending order. {/,\,(,),[,]}, with as few digits as possible.

The number 234₁₀ = ////\(((()_murn.

There is a unique representation for each number.

Modified Mayan (mmay)

The Modified Mayan system uses the following symbols 0,., |, and ,.

• The symbols . and | are used to form the numbers 1 through 19.
• . = 1₁₀ and | = 5₁₀.
• Use the minimum number of symbols to represent a number.
• Thus .._mmay = 2₁₀, ...._mmay = 4₁₀, ..|||_mmay = 17₁₀
• There is a unique representation for each digit 0₁₀ through 19₁₀

This is a position based number system where d₁,d₂,d₃ = d₁ × 20² + d₂ × 20¹ + d₃ × 20⁰. (We will use , to separate digits)

The number ... (3₁₀) and the number .,.,. (421₁₀) are different numbers in this system.

The number 234₁₀ = .||,.|||_mmay.

The number 234₁₀ = .||,....||_mmay.

There is a unique representation for each number.

Positionless (posi)

This system uses the symbols I, X, M, C, K, G, T, P

I_posi= 10⁰₁₀, X_posi= 10¹₁₀, M_posi= 10²₁₀, C_posi= 10³₁₀, K_posi= 10⁴₁₀, G_posi= 10⁵₁₀, T_posi= 10⁶₁₀, P_posi= 10⁷₁₀

This is a positionless number system where the value of the symbols are added.

The number 234₁₀ = MMXXXIIII_posi = IIIIXXXMM_posi = IXMIXMIXI_posi = IXIMXMIXI_posi

There is not a unique representation for each number.

Operands

+	234:deci	////\(((():murn
+	A	22200:trin
+	TTTFTFTF:biny	B
+	C	D
+	234:deci	////\(((():murn	additional data is a comment and should be ignored

The system operator will have a single operand, the four letter name of a system which will be used for all output. The default system should be dcml.

All input data should be validated. If an invalid input value, operator or operand is encountered, the system should print the input line, followed by a diagnostic error message. The system should continue processing commands.

Example

+ 1:dcml 1:dcml The accumulator should now contain a 2
store A         Register A should now contain the value 2
+ A //:murn     The accumulator should now contain a 4
store B         Register B should now contain the value 4
system biny     Change the output to binary
print           Should print TFF:biny to the screen
system trin     Change the output to trinary
print           Should print 11:trin to the screen
+ B FXF:biny    Should print an error message that X is an invalid binary digit
dump            Should print the value of the accumulator (4) plus the 4 memory locations A:2, B:4, C:0 , D:0

Discussion

• All memory locations should be initialized to 0.
• This program should work in batch mode. It should open the file computations.cmds and process the commands contained in this file. If the file is not present, an error message should be printed and the program exit.
• You should perform all conversions between number systems algorithmically. Do NOT use large case statements.
• When attempting to print a number in a given system, if a number can not be expressed in that system, for example numbers larger than 78,124 can not be expressed in murn, print a message stating that the number is too large.
• Represent negative numbers with using a minus sign (-), so -//\:murn is -7₁₀
• Your code SHOULD NOT crash or hang ever.
• atoi, isdigit and isblank are a few functions from the isalpha family of functions. You might want to investigate these, and other associated functions.
• The string functions, substr, find might be in this program and should be reviewed.
• File streams should be passed as variable parameters.
• Whenever possible, eliminate repeated code by building subroutines. If you find you are repeating code, pull it out and put it into a subroutine.
• You may not use string streams for this project.
• You should probably do a preliminary design.
• You should probably write some experimental code, and then revise your design.
• You should create a sub-directory and perform all work for this project within this directory.
• If you need help, you should ask.
• Please do not put this work off until the weekend before it is due.

Required Files

• All source code required to build all programs.
• A makefile which will build all programs as well as clean the directory
• A README describing
  • Author identification information
  • The project
  • Problems encountered
  • Any portions of the code which are not working.
  • Any unique features of the code.
  • Any other information you wish to share.

• Object files or executable.
• Core files.
• Source code files which are not related to the project.

Submission