Strings

• Strings are a collection of 0 or more characters.
• Strings are not part of core c++
  • They are part of the standard library.
  • You need #include <string> to use them.
  • string is not a reserved word.
• Strings are an object
  • They initialize themselves to the empty string "".
  • They have other methods as well.
• String Input
  • cin >> aString will
    • skip all whitespace.
    • read in all contiguous non-whitespace characters and store them in aString
    • stop when a whitespace character is encountered.
  • getline(stream, string) will
    • Read in and store all characters until a newline (\n) is encountered.
    • The newline is read, but thrown away.
• Ignoring Input
  • cin.ignore(length, del)
  • length is the maximum number of characters to ignore
  • del is the character to stop ignoring.
  • It trows away all input characters until either
    • length characters have been read
    • OR the del character is read.
  • cin.ignore(1000, '\n') is the common usage.
• If you want a single word
  • use cin >>
• If you want to read in multiple words at once
  • use getline(cin, stringvar);
  • BUT BE AWARE OF ANY READS that WENT BEFORE.
  • You may need a cin.ignore(1000, '\n');
• String concatenation
  • The + operator concatenates two strings.
  • fullName = firstName + lastName
  • It
    • creates a new string
    • copies all of the letters from the first string to the new string.
    • copies all of the letters from the second string to the new string.
• Write a program that
  • Asks the user for a single word family name.
  • The asks the user for other names.
  • Constructs a single full name and prints it out.
• Finish our Grandmother's Trunk example.