#include <iostream>
#include <iomanip>
#include <string>

using namespace std;

int main() {
 
     string hello{"Hello World 123 *! the end."};
     string first, 
            second;
     size_t pos;
     int i;

     cout << "The string is \"" << hello << '"' << endl;
     cout << "That string is " << hello.size() << " characters long" << endl;

     pos = hello.find(" ");
     cout << "The space is at position " << pos << endl;
     
     first  = hello.substr(0, pos);
     second = hello.substr(pos+1, string::npos);
     cout << "The first string is \"" << first << '"' << endl;
     cout << "The second string is \"" << second << '"' << endl;

     cout << endl << endl;
     i =  0;
     while(i <hello.size() ) {
         cout << setw(3) << i << " " << hello[i] << endl;
         i++;
     }

     i = 0;
     while (i < hello.size()) {
         hello.at(i) = toupper(hello[i]);
         // hello[i] = toupper(hello[i]);
         i++;
     }

     cout << endl << endl;
     i = hello.size()-1;
     while( i >= 0) {
         cout << hello.at(i);
         i--;
     }
     cout << endl;

     return 0;
}