#include <iostream>
#include <cmath>

using namespace std;

class SillyT {
   public:
       SillyT(int d, string w) {
           where = w;
           depth = d;
           for(int i{0}; i<depth; i++) {
              cout << "\t";
           }

           cout << "Building a SillyT from " << where << endl;

           if (depth == 4) {
               cout << "\t\t\t\tThrowing a 3 in constructor" << endl;
               cout << "\t\t\t\tI hope you cleaned memory" << endl;
               throw 3;
           }
       }

       ~SillyT() {
           for(int i{0}; i<depth; i++) {
              cout << "\t";
           }
           cout << "Destroying a SillyT from " << where << endl; 
       }

       void Toss() {
           cout <<"\t\t\t\tThrowing from a class, not constructor" << endl;
           throw M_PI;
       }

   private:
       string where;
       int depth;
};

void Function2(int state) {
    cout << "\t\t\tEntering Function 2" << endl;
    SillyT silly(3,"Function2") ;

    if (state == 3) {
        cout << "\t\t\tThrowing a 2" << endl;
        throw 2;
    } else if (state == 5) {
        cout << "\t\t\tThrowing a 'a'" << endl;
        throw 'a';
    }
    cout << "\t\t\tExiting Function 2" << endl;
}

void Function1(int state) {
    cout << "\t\tEntering Function 1" << endl;
    SillyT silly(2,"Function1") ;

    if (state == 4) {
         SillyT thrower(4,"Do a throw");
    }

    if (state == 5) {
        SillyT silly3(2, "Throwing from a method");
        silly3.Toss();
       
    }

    if (state == 2) {
        cout << "\t\t" "Throwing a 5.0" << endl;
        throw 5.0f;
    }
    Function2(state);

    cout << "\t\tExiting Function 1" << endl;
}

int main() {
    int state{};

    for(state = 0; state < 7; state ++) {
         cout << "**************************" << endl;
         cout << "State = " << state << endl;
         switch(state) {
            case 0: cout << "   No throw, full run" << endl; break;
            case 1: cout << "   Throw 1 in try block " << endl; break;
            case 2: cout << "   Throw 5.0 in Function1 " << endl; break;
            case 3: cout << "   Throw 2 in Function2 " << endl; break;
            case 4: cout << "   Throw 3 in constructor " << endl; break;
            case 5: cout << "   Throw PI in method " << endl; break;
            case 6: cout << "   Throw 'a' in Function2 " << endl; break;
            default: cout << "   Unknown state " << endl; break;
         }

         try {
             cout << "\tStarting in the try block" << endl;
             SillyT silly(1,"Try Block") ;

             if (state == 1) {
                cout << "\tThrowing 1 in try block" << endl;
                throw 1;
             }
             cout << "\tCalling Function 1" << endl;
             Function1(state);
             cout << "\tReturned from Function 1" << endl;

            
             cout << "\tExiting the try block" << endl;

         } catch (int i) {
             cout << endl;
             cout << "\tIn integer catch, i = " << i << endl;
         } catch (float f) {
             cout << endl;
             cout << "\tIn float catch f = "  << f << endl;
         } catch (double f) {
             cout << endl;
             cout << "\tIn double catch f = "  << f << endl;
         }
    }
    return 0;
}