#include <iostream>
#include <exception>
#include <vector>

using namespace std;

int main() {
    vector<int>data{1,3,5,7,9};

    // this is for demo purpose only.  
    //
    // DO NOT THROW AN EXCEPTION DIRECTLY INSIDE OF THE TRY BLOCK
    // UNLESS IT IS TOTALLY UNRELATED TO THE THING YOU ARE TRYING
    // THIS IS BAD CODE
    // 
    // This is for demo purposes only.

    cout << "Throwing and catching an exception " << endl;
    try {
        throw exception();
    } catch (const exception & e) {
        cout << "\t\tCaught " << e.what() << endl;
    }
    cout << endl << endl;

    cout << "Catching an exception, but note the message changes" << endl;
    cout << endl;

    try {
         cout << "Data.at(data.size()) is " << endl;
         // throw range_error("This is a dumb thing");
         cout << endl;
         cout << data.at(data.size()) << endl;
         cout << "And that is that " << endl;
         cout << endl;
    } catch (const logic_error & e) {
         cout << "\t\tCaught logic error " << e.what() << endl; 
    } catch (const out_of_range & e) {
         cout << "\t\tCaught out of range " << e.what() << endl;  
    } catch (const exception &  e) {
         cout << "\t\tCaught EXCEPT " << e.what() << endl; 
    } catch (...) {
         cout << "In the generic excption handler" << endl;
    }

    cout << endl << endl;

    return 0;
}